Research Article
Hopf Bifurcation, Hopf-Hopf Bifurcation, and Period-Doubling Bifurcation in a Four-Species Food Web
Figure 8
Period-doubling cascade and chaotic dynamics of the food web system as shown in the phase portraits. The other parameter values are provided in (45).
| (a) = 1.15 |
| (b) = 1.25 |
| (c) = 1.3425 |
| (d) = 1.3452 |
| (e) = 1.3495 |
| (f) = 1.45 |