Research Article
Upper Bound Analysis for Collapse Failure of Shield Tunnel Face Excavated in Unsaturated Soils Considering Steady Vertical Flow
Figure 3
Influence of and on required supporting pressure under different groundwater levels for no-flow condition.
(a) z0=0m |
(b) z0=5m |
(c) z0=10m |
(d) z0=20m |