Estimation of Rail Axial Force in High-Speed Railway Ballastless Track Based on Wave Modes

<p>Influences of modulus of rail pad/elastic pad on the vertical 1<svg height="11.2576pt" id="M42" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.2078 6.83633 11.2576" width="6.83633pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M327 325C324 350 312 408 304 433C283 442 256 451 213 451C120 451 59 391 59 320C59 243 125 210 188 181C237 158 266 136 266 93C266 52 231 24 195 24C134 24 93 81 74 148L42 143C42 106 51 37 59 23C78 8 125 -12 177 -12C257 -12 345 35 345 127C345 198 292 234 216 264C171 283 131 305 131 348C131 387 156 416 195 416C243 416 277 378 297 317L327 325Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,3.376,-5.741)"><path d="M303 37L293 66C280 59 256 49 231 49S173 63 173 143V396H281C294 404 298 428 287 439H173V575L158 577L92 509V439H46L17 408L22 396H92V107C92 27 128 -12 192 -12C203 -12 218 -9 237 2L303 37Z"></path></g></svg> order pinned-pinned wave mode. (a) Rail pad; (b) elastic pad.</p>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 17

Figure 17: Estimation of Rail Axial Force in High-Speed Railway Ballastless Track Based on Wave Modes 