SPH-Based Analysis on the Lateral Response of Pipe Culverts in the Flowing Process of Liquefied Sand

Table 2

Summary of culvert-soil model tests.

Diameter; D (m)	Embedment ratio; H/D	Slope; θ (°)	Right boundary; conditions	Number of tests
3	0.5, 1.5, 2.5	0, 5, 20	closed, far-away	18
6	0.5, 1.0, 1.5	0, 5, 20	closed, far-away	18