Parameter Identification and State of Charge Estimation of NMC Cells Based on Improved Ant Lion Optimizer

Table 7

The SOC estimation error different algorithms via DST.

Method	Q and R values	RMSE of SOC error	RMSE of voltage error
	IALO-SVDUKF			[1e-10,0.0011,0.1338]	7.88e-4	0.0040
UKF	[1e-6,1e-6,0.1]	0.0075	0.0195
EKF	[1e-6,1e-6,0.1]	0.0213	0.0021