Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch Problem of Wind-Thermal Power System Using Gravitational Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Table 4

Best fuel cost and best emission level of different methods for Case 2.

Output solutions	Minimum fuel cost					Minimum emission level
Generation (pu)	GA	PSO	GSA	PSOGSA	GPSOA	GA	PSO	GSA	PSOGSA	GPSOA
G1	0.0402	0.0226	0.0263	0.0361	0.0326	0.3662	0.4092	0.4921	0.3522	0.3165
G2	0.1238	0.1614	0.1135	0.1425	0.1516	0.4258	0.4561	0.4621	0.5023	0.4522
G3	0.2831	0.2603	0.0502	0.2254	0.2801	0.3031	0.2372	0.3669	0.3144	0.4249
G4	0.5626	0.7468	0.3816	0.7192	0.7268	0.3136	0.3460	0.3332	0.2642	0.3837
G5	0.2652	0.2362	0.1533	0.3212	0.1822	0.5344	0.5141	0.4377	0.4821	0.4342
G6	0.2332	0.1626	0.5968	0.2016	0.1826	0.4352	0.5096	0.5351	0.5211	0.4762
	0.6226	0.6297	0.7737	0.6056	0.6498	0.0224	0.0212	0.0016	0.0341	0.0307
	0.7023	0.6144	0.7386	0.5824	0.6283	0.4333	0.3406	0.2053	0.3636	0.3156
FC ($/h)	422.64	288.11	324.39	286.52	285.61	665.82	650.40	661.23	656.14	661.34
EC (ton/h)	0.2618	0.2428	0.2317	0.2421	0.2426	0.1972	0.1945	0.1967	0.1941	0.1941
WPC ($/h)	137.85	136.81	141.66	136.53	136.81	166.65	165.17	168.85	163.08	164.46
CPU time (s)	6.2632	2.3218	3.8598	3.5416	2.3957	8.2613	2.1273	3.8993	4.6252	4.1148

NR means not reported in the referred literature.