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| Input | The travel demand of OD pair; |
| the network topology; |
| the streets characteristics covering lanes number, capacity, travel time specifications, and travel time of free flow; |
| decision variables bound both or lower and upper level, examples are maximum toll level or maximum capacity increase |
| (5) the available budget; |
| (6) each single project cost; |
| (7) candidate network improvement projects |
|
| Decision variables | Topological variables: street capacity expansion; directions of links; new street construction; one-way street consideration; |
| parking variables: parking allowed or not; |
| fare variables: parking or road pricing; |
| signal setting variables: green times ratio, cycle length, phase plan of signalized intersections, turning restrictions at intersections |
|
| Constraints | The budget constraint; |
| cycle time constraints; |
| capacity constraint; |
| lower and upper bound constraints; |
|
| Decision objective | Reserve capacity maximization; |
| consumer surplus maximization; |
| travel cost minimization; |
| construction cost minimization |
| (5) total vehicle miles’ minimization; |
| (6) total travel distances minimization; |
| (7) total societal cost minimization; |
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