A Novel Numerical Model for Simulating the Quantity of Tailing Oil in the Mixed Segment between Two Batches in Product Pipelines

Table 3

Empirical formulas for calculating VMS.

Formula name	Expression
Austin [12]
Brige Edwin [26]
Fowler and Brown [15]
Smith and Schulze [16]
Taylor [14]
Jablonskij [25]
Sjenitzer [17]