Research Article

Noninvasive Vehicle-to-Load Energy Management Strategy to Prevent Li-Ion Batteries Premature Degradation

Table 1

Nomenclature and nominal values (if applicable).

Parameter/variable Description Nominal (LiFeMgPO4) Units

Constant voltage
Exponential zone dynamics
Battery mode (0 for discharge, 1 for charge) - 1
Polarization constant
Low frequency current dynamics -
Extracted capacity -
Maximum battery capacity 40
Nominal battery temperature 20
Cell/internal temperature -
Ambient temperature -
Reversible voltage temperature coefficient -
Arrhenius rate constant for the polarization resistance 0.5 1
Arrhenius rate constant for the internal resistance 0.5 1
Maximum capacity temperature coefficient -
Nominal discharge curve slope 0.016
Thermal resistance, cell to ambient 0.6411
Thermal time constant, cell to ambient 4880
DoD Depth-of-Discharge of battery - 1
Maximum DoD recommended for centering 50 1
SoC State-of-Charge of battery - 1
Minimum SoC for V2L operation 50 1
number of cycles - 1
Exponent factor for the DoD 0.5 1
Arrhenius rate constant for the cycle number 0.5 1
Average discharge current during a half cycle duration 20
Average charge current during a half cycle duration 20
Exponent factor for the discharge current 0.12 1
Exponent factor for the charge current 0.14 1
Weight for allowed temperature 10 1
Weight for allowed SoC 1 1
Weight for allowed DoD 1 1
C-rate Charge and discharge current - Ah