Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Decoupling Economic Growth from Environment Costs in China’s Resource-Based Cities

Table 1

Classification of selected 126 resource-based cities at prefecture level in China.

	Oil and gas [13]	Metal [26]	Coal [47]	Forest and others [27]
Developing [22]	Yan’an; Qingyang; Longnan; Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture [4]	Songyuan; Hezhou; Liupanshui; Wuwei; Altay Prefecture; Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture [6]	Shuozhou; Hulun Buir; Erdos; Zhaotong; Xianyang; Yulin; Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture; Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture [9]	Nanchong; Bijie [2]
Transforming [17]	Panjin; Nanyang [2]	Huludao; Tangshan; Baotou; Anshan; Tonghua; Ma’anshan; Zibo; Luoyang; Zhangye; Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture [11]	Xuzhou [1]	Suqian; Linyi; Lijiang [3]
Mature [66]	Daqing; Dongying; Baoshan; Karamay; Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture [5]	Benxi; Longyan; Ganzhou; Laiwu; Ezhou; Hengyang; Handan; Chenzhou; Shaoyang; Loudi; Hechi; Panzhihua; Dazhou; Ya’an; Baoji; Jinchang [17]	Zhangjiakou; Xingtai; Datong; Yangquan; Changzhi; Jincheng; Linfen; Xinzhou; Yuncheng; Lvliang; Chifeng; Heihe; Jixi; Huainan; Hebie; Pingdingshan; Guangyuan; Guang’an; Anshun; Qujing; Weinan; Pingliang; Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture [24]	Chengde; Jinzhong; Jilin; Suzhou; Mudanjiang; Huzhou; Bozhou; Chuzhou; Chizhou; Xuancheng; Nanping; Sanming; Yichun (Jiangxi Province); Jining; Taian; Sanmenxia; Yunfu; Baise; Zigong; Lincang; Puer; Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture [18]
Declining [25]	Puyang [1]	Tongling; Xinyu; Huangshi; Shaoguan; Baiyin [5]	Wuhai; Fuxin; Fushun; Liaoyuan; Yichun (Heilongjiang Province); Hegang; Shuangyashan; Qitaihe; Huaibei; Zaozhuang; Pingxiang; Jiaozuo; Luzhou; Tongchuan; Shizuishan [16]	Baishan; Jingdezhen; Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture [3]

Note: the number in parentheses is the quantity of the city, and the cities written in italics cannot be studied because of data lacking.