A Lagrangian Multiplier Method for TDOA and FDOA Positioning of Multiple Disjoint Sources with Distance and Velocity Correlation Constraints

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Sensor no. <svg height="6.1673pt" id="M259" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 10.3951 6.1673" width="10.3951pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center">1</td><td class="align_center">2</td><td class="align_center">3</td><td class="align_center">4</td><td class="align_center">5</td><td class="align_center">6</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><span style="width: 7.39387ptpx;"><svg height="6.1673pt" id="M260" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.39387 6.1673" width="7.39387pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M536 404C536 423 520 448 491 448C445 448 398 404 308 283L286 338C255 416 242 448 217 448C182 448 138 402 92 341L111 321C149 368 169 378 178 378C188 378 198 363 214 320L254 212C185 117 138 65 107 65C98 65 85 69 82 75C79 82 73 86 65 86C44 86 23 60 23 39C23 7 44 -12 71 -12C119 -12 168 33 265 177L306 61C321 17 347 -12 373 -12C413 -12 465 33 507 96L491 119C459 84 432 60 413 60C395 60 378 92 358 148L321 250C341 279 369 310 389 332C417 363 439 382 456 382C466 382 475 376 481 368C486 361 492 358 496 358C513 358 536 381 536 404Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">400</td><td class="align_center">−400</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><span style="width: 7.65486ptpx;"><svg height="9.39034pt" id="M261" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.65486 9.39034" width="7.65486pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M556 393C556 426 537 448 514 448C496 448 478 435 471 420C468 414 462 401 466 394C473 382 480 368 480 346C480 268 392 143 338 67H336C329 163 319 253 309 330S286 448 254 448C215 448 160 383 127 337L143 311C167 344 200 373 208 373S222 365 229 320C246 214 264 66 268 -20C219 -83 131 -171 17 -239L25 -261L137 -235C248 -110 273 -79 335 8C384 77 481 215 520 287C544 332 556 363 556 393Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">400</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><span style="width: 6.59789ptpx;"><svg height="6.44133pt" id="M262" style="vertical-align:-0.29774pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.14359 6.59789 6.44133" width="6.59789pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M475 445L452 468C423 436 401 426 385 426S352 427 305 436C268 443 216 448 185 448C156 448 128 425 102 382C89 360 77 338 64 304L89 291C117 340 143 380 190 380C214 380 268 376 295 373C320 370 344 371 362 374L70 101C32 65 23 36 23 18C23 5 27 -3 31 -8C36 -8 39 -6 42 -1C52 15 67 31 80 40S110 49 143 33C195 8 257 -20 290 -20C339 -20 382 11 439 129L416 148C366 74 334 55 305 55C278 55 236 68 203 81C169 94 141 100 122 96C205 170 348 308 411 376L475 445Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">400</td><td class="align_center">−400</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: A Lagrangian Multiplier Method for TDOA and FDOA Positioning of Multiple Disjoint Sources with Distance and Velocity Correlation Constraints 

Table 5 | A Lagrangian Multiplier Method for TDOA and FDOA Positioning of Multiple Disjoint Sources with Distance and Velocity Correlation Constraints 