Mathematical Modeling and Characteristic Analysis of the Vertical Stiffness for Railway Vehicle Air Spring System

Table 3

Main parameters for air spring test bench.

Parameter	Value
Vertical preload	53.7 KN–177 KN
Diaphragm volume	≈32.5 L
Auxiliary chamber volume	0 L–150 L
Length of pipe	1.25 m
Diameter for pipe	38 mm
Excitation amplitude	2 mm–10 mm
Excitation frequency	0 Hz–20 Hz