Reducing the Collision Damage Done to the Tips of Steel Needles during Integrated Piercing by Using Shape Optimization with Feature Selection

Figure 9

Deflection analysis diagram of a cantilever beam by section tempering method: (a) the force model of any point on the tip; (b) translation of force F₂; (c) deflection and angle θ₁; (d) deflection and angle θ₂; (e) deflection and angle θ₃; (f) deflection and angle θ₄.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)