Reducing the Collision Damage Done to the Tips of Steel Needles during Integrated Piercing by Using Shape Optimization with Feature Selection

Table 10

Tooling and material parameters.

Type	Parameter	Value
Piercing template	Orifice size	10 cm × 10 cm
	Hole diameter	2.3 mm
	Distance between holes	2.2 mm
	Orifice thickness	10 mm
Steel needle	Rod diameter	1.0 mm/1.159 mm
	Rod length	7.95 mm/10 mm
	Exponent in power function of tip shape curve	2
	Tip length	5 mm
Woven carbon cloth	Structure	Woven satin warp 8/3
	Type	CCS240
	Specifications	103TW170506-GD06
	Laying mode	Orthogonal laminated