Does Foreign Direct Investment Impact Energy Intensity? Evidence from Developing Countries
Table 2
Descriptive statistics.
Variable
Sample
Obs
Mean
Std. dev.
Min
Max
T value
EI
1
400
0.318
0.157
0.116
1.050
—
2
125
0.439
0.201
0.116
1.050
−9.342
3
275
0.263
0.089
0.119
0.491
FDI
1
400
0.024
0.021
−0.028
0.117
—
2
125
0.021
0.016
−0.0007
0.062
2.3669
3
275
0.025
0.022
−0.028
0.117
Inno
1
400
4.156
1.083
1.330
6.523
—
2
125
4.319
1.236
1.330
6.523
−1.8863
3
275
4.081
1.000
1.843
5.701
LnperGDP
1
400
8.472
0.777
6.359
9.594
—
2
125
8.285
0.961
6.359
9.385
2.8627
3
275
8.556
0.662
7.276
9.594
Trade
1
400
0.614
0.392
0.138
2.204
—
2
125
0.415
0.166
0.152
1.106
9.7165
3
275
0.705
0.430
0.138
2.204
Ener
1
400
0.211
0.160
0.004
0.587
—
2
125
0.281
0.177
0.032
0.587
−5.653
3
275
0.180
0.141
0.004
0.586
Indus
1
400
0.356
0.059
0.238
0.501
—
2
125
0.339
0.067
0.238
0.484
3.4607
3
275
0.363
0.054
0.253
0.501
Notes. “Ln” means the variable in natural logarithms; samples 1, 2, and 3 represent full sample, BRICS countries, and non-BRICS countries sample, respectively; ,, and indicate significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively.
