Formal Verification on the Safety of Internet of Vehicles Based on TPN and Z

Table 1

Compared TPZN, TPN, PZN, and Z.

	Dynamic structure	Frame structure	Number of states	Time constraint
TPZN	Good	Good	Abstract	Good
TPN	Good	Not good	Explosive growth	Good
PZN	Good	Good	Abstract	Not good
Z	Not good	Good	Abstract	Not good