Dynamic Neighborhood-Based Particle Swarm Optimization for Multimodal Problems

Table 8

Running time comparison of the multimodal algorithms.

	DNPSO	LIPS	EMO-MMO	R2PSO	R3PSO	NCDE	NSDE	VNCDE
F1	0.24	0.09	1.07	0.04	0.06	1.17	5.72	6.00
F2	0.24	0.09	1.08	0.03	0.08	1.12	6.48	5.90
F3	0.36	0.11	1.09	0.04	0.11	1.17	6.41	6.25
F4 (2D)	3.56	0.47	3.45	0.22	0.20	4.76	26.18	24.48
F4 (3D)	3.79	0.46	3.47	0.21	0.61	4.71	22.57	24.64
F5	6.91	1.25	8.90	0.60	0.93	10.01	51.42	46.88
F6	2.11	0.52	3.56	0.21	0.56	4.72	22.04	22.06
F7 (5D)	17.82	8.73	20.34	8.01	9.41	16.48	54.17	56.32
F7 (10D)	17.90	9.03	23.40	8.45	8.65	16.72	54.52	57.15
F8 (5D)	29.01	15.51	32.32	14.83	16.93	25.67	60.97	89.91
F8 (10D)	30.98	16.71	35.01	15.75	22.75	26.34	62.53	93.11