GPS Data in Urban Online Car-Hailing: Simulation on Optimization and Prediction in Reducing Void Cruising Distance

Table 2

Comparison of the greedy algorithm and proposed method by metric.

	Statistic	Simulation
Metric	Original dataset	Baseline greedy algorithm	Proposed method without optional constraint (s)	Proposed method with optional constraint
AWT		466.15	219.23	217.02
AVCDP	29.55%	11.32	2.66	2.57
PCO	0.00%	1.61	0.00149	0.00

AWT: average waiting time of passenger; AVCDP: average void cruising distance proportion; PCO: proportion of canceled orders.