Prediction of Mining Subsidence in Shallow Coal Seam

Table 1

Physical and mechanical properties of coal and rock.

Rock formation	Tensile strength σt (MPa)	Cohesion C (MPa)	Internal friction angle φ (°)	Bulk modulus K (GPa)	Shear modulus G (GPa)	Poisson’ ratio
Topsoil	0.48	0.51	34	0.83	0.46	0.27
Bedrock	2.0	2.42	39	4.2	2.6	0.26
Limestone	1.77	2.02	40	4.00	2.40	0.25
Mudstone	0.93	1.07	35	2.29	1.06	0.30
Fine sandstone	1.40	2.73	42	8.15	4.43	0.27
Mudstone	0.93	1.07	35	2.29	1.06	0.30
No. 5 coal	1.10	1.60	38	4.18	1.40	0.35
Mudstone	0.93	1.07	35	2.29	1.06	0.30
Fine sandstone	1.40	2.73	42	8.15	4.43	0.27
Limestone	1.77	2.02	40	4.00	2.40	0.25