Nonlinear Dynamic Feature Extraction Based on Phase Space Reconstruction for the Classification of Speech and Emotion

Table 2

Statistics of feature parameters extracted from speech.

Features	Dimensions	Statistics
Prosodic features	38	Speed
		Average zero-crossing rate
		Energy and its 1^st-order maximum, minimum, and mean values
		Fundamental frequency and its 1^st-order maximum, minimum, and mean values
		First formant and its 1^st-order maximum, minimum, and mean values
		Second formant and its 1^st-order maximum, minimum, and mean values
		Third formant and its 1^st-order maximum, minimum, and mean values
MFCC	60	The skewness, kurtosis, mean, variance, and median of the first 12 steps of MFCC
		The maximum, minimum, mean, median, and variance of the hurst exponent
		The maximum, minimum, mean, median, and variance of the minimum delay time
NLD-1 (nonlinear attribute features)	59	Correlation dimension’s maximum, minimum, mean, median, and variance
		Kolmogorov entropy’s maximum, minimum, mean, median, and variance
		The mean, median, and variance of the largest Lyapunov index
		The first, second, and third contours
NLD-2 (nonlinear geometric features)	23	The maximum, minimum, mean, variance, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis
		The maximum, minimum, skewness, and kurtosis of the fourth contour
		The fifth contour