The Relationship between Bus Drivers’ Improper Driving Behaviors and Abnormal Vehicle States Based on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems in Naturalistic Driving
Table 1
Description of the trigger for each type of warning.
Warning type
Condition for triggering the warning system
Sample size
Eye closure
The warning system will be triggered when the driver’s eyes keep closed for a long time while driving.
6414
Yawn
The warning system will be triggered once the driver yawns while driving.
6665
Looking away
The warning system will be triggered when the driver keeps looking to the left or right for over 5 s.
787
Lane departure
The warning system will be triggered once the vehicle’s speed exceeds 55k m/h and deviates from the lane to cross the lane line, except when the vehicle’s turn signal is on, the lane change occurs in acceleration/deceleration state, the vehicle switches lanes rapidly, there is no line, or the lane lines are not clear.
3457
Rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration
The warning system will be triggered once the longitudinal acceleration change value exceeds the corresponding threshold value prescribed by the SGS safety standard.
1035 and 3146
Forward collision
The warning system will be triggered once the vehicle’s speed exceeds 55 km/h or when the vehicle is running at a constant speed of over 30 km/h, and meanwhile, its relative speed is faster than the vehicle in the front of it, and the relative time distance (the distance between the vehicle’s head and the tail of its front vehicle/(vehicle speed−speed of the front vehicle)) is within 3 s.
