Research Article
The Impact of Innovation Investment Volatility on Technological Innovation of Enterprises in Different Life Cycles
Table 5
Substitution of moderating variables.
| | Full sample | The growing stage | The mature stage | The declining stage |
| | (17) | (18) | (19) | (20) | (21) | (22) | (23) | (24) | IIV | 0.094 (0.045) | 0.148 (0.057) | 0.109 (0.052) | 0.168 (0.068) | 0.071 (0.091) | 0.218 (0.113) | 0.132 (0.090) | 0.059 (0.113) | IIV × IS | | −0.005 (0.003) | | −0.005 (0.003) | | −0.019 (0.011) | | 0.0068 (0.007) | IS | −0.004 (0.004) | −0.007 (0.005) | −0.009 (0.006) | −0.012 (0.007) | −0.008 (0.007) | −0.014 (0.009) | 0.034 (0.095) | 0.012 (0.010) | Human | 0.107 (0.058) | 0.105 (0.058) | 0.075 (0.063) | 0.105 (0.071) | 0.182 (0.096) | 0.182 (0.095) | 0.014 (0.069) | 0.017 (0.070) | Grow | −0.013 (0.005) | −0.013 (0.005) | 0.107 (0.071) | −0.017 (0.006) | −0.055 (0.221) | −0.064 (0.224) | −0.016 (0.112) | −0.018 (0.111) | Age | −0.007 (0.017) | −0.007 (0.017) | −0.018 (0.006) | −0.005 (0.018) | −0.017 (0.019) | −0.016 (0.019) | −0.015 (0.018) | −0.014 (0.018) | Effort | 0.034 (0.025) | 0.031 (0.025) | −0.005 (0.018) | 0.011 (0.030) | 0.059 (0.044) | 0.061 (0.044) | 0.120 (0.048) | 0.123 (0.047) | Pro | 0.024 (0.055) | 0.022 (0.055) | 0.015 (0.030) | 0.058 (0.070) | −0.006 (0.116) | −0.006 (0.117) | 0.020 (0.070) | 0.020 (0.070) | Debt | 0.038 (0.038) | 0.037 (0.037) | 0.058 (0.070) | 0.026 (0.201) | 0.002 (0.033) | 0.007 (0.033) | 0.127 (0.075) | 0.126 (0.076) | Size | 0.105 (0.057) | 0.105 (0.057) | 0.041 (0.200) | 0.156 (0.079) | 0.121 (0.066) | 0.135 (0.066) | 0.232 (0.115) | 0.235 (0.116) | Constant | −2.368 (1.116) | −2.354 (1.113) | −3.582 (1.487) | −3.557 (1.487) | −2.806 (1.288) | −3.083 (1.304) | −4.194 (2.098) | −4.314 (2.106) | Enterprise | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Year | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | N | 1681 | 1681 | 877 | 877 | 543 | 543 | 261 | 261 | R2 | 0.114 | 0.115 | 0.125 | 0.126 | 0.137 | 0.143 | 0.099 | 0.102 |
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Note that standard errors are in parentheses. , , and represent 10%, 5%, and 1% significance levels, respectively. |