Multiarea Economic Dispatch Using Evolutionary Algorithms

Algorithm 1

Particle encoding and initialization methodology algorithm.

	Step 1: enter the system data and initialize all control parameters and new particles randomly.
	Step 2: check the feasibility of the current particle; if it is not feasible, then run the constraint management algorithm.
	Step 3: make an increment in population count by 1. Now check the population, if it is less than its maximum value, go back to Step 1.
	Step 4: calculate fitness function through (equation (1)), preceding, grms, inertia weight, and constriction function via (equations (5)–(7)).
	Step 5: initialize iteration count.
	Step 6: repeat Steps 1 and 2. Update preceding for the current particle. Then repeat Step 4.
	Step 7: update grms and gbest.
	Step 8: make an increment in iteration count by 1. If iteration did not reach its maximum value, repeat Step 8.
	Step 9: print final results.