Nonlinear Characteristics of the Effect of Manufacturing Servitization on Consumer Business Performance

Table 1

Variable descriptions.

Variables	Variable definitions	Obs	Mean	Std	Min	Max
SED (service degree)	The natural log of (number of service-oriented businesses of the enterprise)	2502	0.6203	0.1781	0.000	1.000
RPE (revenue per employee)	The natural log of (enterprise revenue/total employees)	2502	1.890	0.315	0.269	3.913
ROA (return on assets)	Net profit after tax/total assets	2502	0.062	0.070	−0.378	0.479
LES (labor element structure)	Proportion of employees with bachelor degree or above	2502	0.243	0.155	0.017	0.877
DMM (degree of market monopoly)	(Main business income−main business cost)/Main business income	2502	0.146	0.202	0.001	7.541
EDS (enterprise development scale)	The natural log of total assets at the end of the period	2502	22.146	1.129	24.778	17.705
DIC (degree of industry competition)	Herfindahl-Hirschman Index	45	0.0814	0.012	0.011	0.028
ITC (industry technical complexity)	Complete consumption coefficient of manufacturing service	45	0.0352	0.018	0.022	0.049