Evaluate the Consumer Acceptance of AIoT-Based Unmanned Convenience Stores Based on Perceived Risks and Technological Acceptance Models

Table 3

MANOVA for perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived risks, attitudes toward using, and behavioral intentions.

Item	Factor	Gender		F value	value
		Male N = 88	Female N = 161
Perceived ease of use	Pillai’s trace = 0.046	4.0568	3.6000	3.959	0.009
	Wikls’ lambda = 0.954
	It will not take me much time to shop at the X-Store	4.1250	3.6708	9.691	0.002
	It is easy for me to shop at the X-Store	4.0795	3.6635	9.646	0.002
	Overall, the devices and services at the X-Store are easy to use for me	3.9659	3.4658	11.601	0.001
Perceived usefulness	Pillai’s Trace = 0.036	3.8296	3.4286	3.012	0.031
	Wikls’ lambda = 0.964
	X-Store can improve my shopping convenience	3.8523	3.4969	5.890	0.016
	X-Store can improve my shopping efficiency	3.8182	3.3975	7.499	0.007
	Overall, shopping at the X-Store is good for me	3.8182	3.3913	8.496	0.004
Perceived risk	Pillai’s trace = 0.071	3.2490	3.3931	2.624	0.013
	Wikls’ lambda = 0.929
	I do not have much confidence in the normal operation of X-Store’s facilities and services	3.4091	3.5528	0.795	0.373
	I worry that the products and services at the X-Store do not meet my expectation	3.4545	3.2050	2.459	0.118
	I may feel nervous when shopping at self-service X-Store that has no clerk	3.6477	3.8509	1.685	0.196
	I worry that the value of the products and services in the X-Store do not meet my expectation	3.2386	3.2609	0.018	0.893
	I worry about financial losses because the services at the X-Store may not work well	3.1364	3.2112	0.246	0.620
	I worry that I cannot enter and exit the store freely due to the potential failure of the store’s facial recognition system	3.0114	3.0745	0.169	0.681
	I worry about financial losses because my data and password may be stolen when I am using the automatic checkout system at the X-Store	3.5455	3.5963	0.108	0.742
Attitude toward using X-Store	Pillai’s trace = 0.045	3.9583	3.5652	3.853	0.010
	Wikls’ lambda = 0.955
	Overall, I like the idea of X-Store	4.2386	3.7764	9.752	0.002
	I think it is a good idea to shop at the X-Store	3.8636	3.5404	4.366	0.038
	I think it is a wise decision to shop at the X-Store	3.7727	3.3789	6.742	0.010
Behavior intention	Pillai’s trace = 0.038	3.9773	3.6087	3.196	0.024
	Wikls’ lambda = 0.962
	The consumption experience provided by X-Store will increase my willingness to make purchases from the store	4.0568	3.7143	5.694	0.018
	I will probably visit X-Store frequently in the future	3.7614	3.4410	5.429	0.021
	I would like to shop at X-Store if I get a chance	4.1136	3.6708	9.556	0.002