Longer Time Span Air Pollution Prediction: The Attention and Autoencoder Hybrid Learning Model

Table 5

Results for various data segmentation.

Model	Dataset/data segmentation	MAE	MAPE	COR
LSTM	W/[12, 48]	12.32/14.37	62.74/69.47	0.34/0.35
GRU	W/[12, 48]	13.19/15.37	78.34/74.21	0.33/0.32
SEQ2SEQ	W/[12, 48]	15.83/17.74	70.96/68.42	0.43/0.39
Attention	W/[12, 48]	16.84/17.83	75.53/86.13	0.27/0.31
A&A learning	W/[12, 48]	12.53/13.74	57.27/56.73	0.45/0.41
LSTM	W/[48, 144]	17.32/16.57	63.25/74.46	0.45/0.42
GRU	W/[48, 144]	16.37/15.74	64.71/77.43	0.37/0.36
SEQ2SEQ	W/[48, 144]	19.52/18.23	76.47/82.54	0.39/0.37
Attention	W/[48, 144]	18.23/17.94	59.85/54.32	0.42/0.44
A&A learning	W/[48, 144]	12.73/10.35	65.07/51.04	0.45/0.49
LSTM	S/[12, 48]	12.42/11.91	53.29/51.17	0.47/0.56
GRU	S/[12, 48]	13.29/12.78	61.79/63.54	0.41/0.39
SEQ2SEQ	S/[12, 48]	11.89/12.31	66.92/57.97	0.33/0.41
Attention	S/[12, 48]	11.66/10.01	54.68/51.78	0.42/0.45
A&A learning	S/[12, 48]	10.21/9.97	49.39/45.47	0.55/0.61
LSTM	S/[48, 144]	15.34/14.41	55.82/54.91	0.42/0.53
GRU	S/[48, 144]	16.27/15.13	63.90/62.60	0.51/0.32
SEQ2SEQ	S/[48, 144]	19.27/17.31	66.06/63.34	0.41/0.49
Attention	S/[48, 144]	22.77/19.99	77.69/68.05	0.39/0.53
A&A learning	S/[48, 144]	13.17/12.71	59.31/53.21	0.50/0.61