Reverse Logistics Network Design of Electric Vehicle Batteries considering Recall Risk

<div>Influence of the change in parameters <svg height="9.29901pt" id="M261" style="vertical-align:-3.23371pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.0653 6.54569 9.29901" width="6.54569pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M472 289C472 364 439 453 320 453C265 453 197 421 155 384C56 297 44 157 44 25C44 -35 72 -90 117 -129C168 -173 234 -190 299 -205C330 -212 359 -225 385 -244C394 -202 393 -190 373 -152C361 -129 340 -102 291 -94C226 -83 164 -59 108 -24C93 -15 91 5 91 23C122 0 160 -12 198 -12C229 -12 286 3 328 26C397 64 472 153 472 289ZM343 293C343 132 283 53 256 39C244 34 238 31 228 31C192 31 166 63 168 100C178 300 232 390 264 402C270 404 275 406 286 406C319 406 343 365 343 293Z"></path></g></svg> and <svg height="12.3916pt" id="M262" style="vertical-align:-3.42948pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 7.47216 12.3916" width="7.47216pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M542 242C542 369 469 429 379 468C370 472 372 496 376 513L416 681L400 691L344 648L219 51C167 69 113 128 113 217C113 324 166 387 266 428L252 459C124 418 23 336 23 202C23 95 90 13 205 -8L182 -132C165 -222 191 -254 209 -261L215 -258L270 -7C415 -4 542 98 542 242ZM469 232C469 126 403 33 279 39L355 409C399 394 469 331 469 232Z"></path></g></svg> on the optimal value of the objective function.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Reverse Logistics Network Design of Electric Vehicle Batteries considering Recall Risk 