Novel Automated K-means++ Algorithm for Financial Data Sets

Table 2

Detailed information about validation techniques.

Validation methods	Internal validity indexes				External validity indexes
	Between-class distance	Within-class distance	Purity	Recall	Precision	F-measure	Rand index	Jaccard index	Entropy
Range	[0,+]	[0,+]	[0,1]	[0,1]	[0,1]	[0,1]	[0,1]	[0,1]	[0,1]
Perfect clustering results			1	1	1	1	1	1	0