Influence of Temperature on the Bolt Loads and Variation in a Bolted Flange for Subsea Pipeline Connection

Table 1

Material behaviors.

Material		12Cr1MoV	060A35
Conductivity W/(m·K)	293K	35.6
	373K	35.6	46.0
	473K	35.6	48.2
	573K	35.2	44.9
Mass density t/mm^3		7.85 × 10^−9	7.87 × 10^−9
Elastic	Young’s modulus MPa	210000	210000
	Poisson’ ratio	0.3	0.3
Expansion coeff. K^−1	293K	10^−6
	373K	1.125 × 10^−6	1.245 × 10^−6
	473K	1.218 × 10^−6	1.287 × 10^−6
	573K	1.249 × 10^−6	1.350 × 10^−6
Specific heat mJ/(t·K)		4.6 × 10^8	4.8 × 10^8