Effect of Stiffness on Flutter of Composite Wings with High Aspect Ratio

Table 3

Material parameters of the spar.

Material zone	Structure name	Layer angle (°)	Elastic constants (MPa)
Section A	Spar web	[45 −45 0 −45 90 45 0 −45 0 0 45 0]s	E = 57100, G = 16200, V = 0.491
	Spar flange	[45 −45 0 −45 90 45 0 −45 0 0 45 0]s	E = 57100, G = 16200, V = 0.491
Section B	Spar web	[45 0 −45 90 45 0 −45 0]s	E = 53700, G = 16200, V = 0.43
	Spar flange	[45 0 0 −45 90 45 0 0 0 −45 90 45 0 0 −45 0]s	E = 65100, G = 13200, V = 0.378