Predicting the Healthy Operation of Heavy Oil Well Casings in Permafrost Regions

<div>Vertical displacement distribution of the thawed soil and the casing with depth: (a) vertical displacement of thawed soil and (b) vertical displacement of casing.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 4

Figure 4: Predicting the Healthy Operation of Heavy Oil Well Casings in Permafrost Regions 