Factors Affecting Recidivism of Drunk Driving for Car and Motorbike Users

Table 4

Family life cycles of the first-time offenders and recidivists who drive cars and motorbikes.

Family life cycle	A		M
Liang [26]	First-time offenders	Recidivists	First-time offenders	Recidivists
The first stage (childless-the eldest child aged 18)	44 (51.16%)	26 (47.27%)	92 (56.44%)	31 (46.27%)
The second stage (the eldest child aged 19 or above)	42 (48.84%)	29 (52.73%)	71 (43.56%)	36 (53.73%)
Saxton [27]	First-time offenders	Recidivists	First-time offenders	Recidivists
The first stage (childless)	8 (9.30%)	9 (16.36%)	19 (11.66%)	6 (8.96%)
The second stage (the eldest child aged between 1 and 18)	36 (41.86%)	17 (30.91%)	73 (44.79%)	25 (37.31%)
The third stage (the eldest child aged between 19 and 44)	42 (48.84%)	29 (52.73%)	69 (42.33%)	35 (52.24%)
The fourth stage (the eldest child aged 45 or above)	0 (0.00%)	0 (0.00%)	2 (1.23%)	1 (1.49%)
Witt and Goodale [25]	First-time offenders	Recidivists	First-time offenders	Recidivists
The first stage (childless)	8 (9.30%)	9 (16.36%)	19 (11.66%)	6 (8.96%)
The second stage (the youngest child aged between 1 and 5)	16 (18.60%)	4 (7.27%)	20 (12.27%)	3 (4.48%)
The third stage (the youngest child aged between 6 and 12)	16 (18.60%)	6 (10.91%)	34 (20.86%)	11 (16.42%)
The fourth stage (the youngest child aged between 13 and 18)	18 (20.93%)	13 (23.64%)	33 (20.25%)	20 (29.85%)
The fifth stage (the youngest child aged 19 or above)	28 (32.56%)	23 (41.82%)	57 (34.97%)	27 (40.30%)
Total	86 (100%)	55 (100%)	163 (100%)	67 (100%)