Research Article

Research on the Dynamic Evolution of Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiency in Universities and Identification of Influencing factors—based on Markov Chain Estimation and GMM Model

Table 3

2007–2019 calculation result.

Region2007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019Mean

EasternBeijing0.9340.9880.9981.0541.1171.1391.1421.2061.2331.2481.3231.3341.1681.145
Tianjin0.8520.9950.8030.7290.6830.7480.7580.5160.5190.5390.5370.5450.5830.677
Hebei0.8180.7990.7390.7180.7580.7990.7870.7490.6910.9730.7890.8010.8060.787
Liaoning0.6880.8940.7720.7880.8970.7620.9260.8690.8320.7870.7980.7640.7730.812
Shanghai1.2851.1930.9750.9790.9620.9520.9850.9180.8710.8320.8330.8240.9130.963
Jiangsu0.9391.1330.9770.9911.0241.0521.0931.0231.0351.1191.1611.0781.0171.049
Zhejiang0.8161.0230.9810.9830.9490.9320.9050.8780.8680.8890.9050.9150.9270.921
Fujian0.5180.5740.5440.5830.7680.4380.5490.5240.6180.9140.8230.8340.8520.657
Shandong1.2351.1480.9310.9440.9590.8670.8930.7220.6040.8190.7330.7560.7490.874
Guangdong0.7490.9840.7880.7630.7550.7360.7040.6560.6230.7780.6890.7840.7890.754
Hainan0.9350.9460.9521.1131.1241.2310.9430.9590.9620.9770.9810.9971.0061.010
Eastern mean0.8880.9710.8600.8770.9090.8780.8800.8200.8050.8980.8700.8760.8710.877
CentralShanxi0.7360.8480.8510.9860.8520.8610.8960.8170.8820.8340.7830.8040.8080.843
Jilin0.8130.7950.7730.7810.9150.5620.5280.8510.6840.7880.7960.7320.7460.751
Heilongjiang0.4260.4650.4790.5160.9490.5580.5910.8730.5830.7980.8390.7850.7010.659
Anhui0.9470.9590.8460.8550.9660.8410.8330.9220.9410.9580.8750.8950.9020.903
Jiangxi0.4450.5510.5410.6730.8840.6950.7780.9180.5290.4650.4760.5640.5780.623
Henan0.3190.3490.3530.3730.7860.3950.4730.6350.4730.4780.4960.5020.5210.473
Hubei0.8390.9480.9511.0531.0860.8790.7880.9480.7650.7860.7330.6790.6880.857
Hunan0.6250.6390.6610.6740.8860.5570.6490.6780.5880.6940.8040.8170.8240.700
Central mean0.6440.6940.6820.7390.9160.6690.6920.8300.6810.7250.7250.7220.7210.726
WesternNeimenggu0.5920.4990.4850.5610.5360.5280.7390.6540.6760.6820.7110.7330.7530.627
Guangxi0.4380.4790.4460.5580.6260.6740.5940.5030.5510.4030.4590.4770.4950.516
Chongqing0.5490.8530.7620.8490.9860.9390.9871.0410.9330.9690.7280.7980.8110.862
Sichuan0.4110.5280.6120.6490.6260.6380.6090.5430.5470.5510.5590.6030.6620.580
Guizhou0.7270.8360.6310.5390.5860.8550.5730.5980.6110.6250.6970.7230.7560.669
Yunnan0.6240.5350.6290.8410.8160.7610.6840.6990.6120.6230.6780.7120.7490.689
Shaanxi0.7320.9420.9360.9510.8860.8740.8890.7620.7240.6330.7550.7880.7960.821
Gansu0.5120.5270.5190.5430.5860.5680.5890.5880.5990.6130.6370.6860.6930.589
Qinghai0.3780.3840.3710.3730.3860.3920.4030.4140.4330.4570.4530.4370.4880.410
Ningxia0.3170.3440.3310.3390.3860.3610.3780.3880.3930.4030.4820.4240.4440.378
Xinjiang0.3340.3430.3320.3520.3860.3750.3890.3030.3250.3390.4490.3540.3720.350
Western mean0.5100.5700.5500.5960.6190.6330.6210.5900.5820.5730.6010.6120.6380.590
National mean0.6840.7500.6990.7370.8040.7320.7350.7390.6900.7320.7330.7380.7460.732