Research Article
Development and Optimization for a New Planar Spring Using Finite Element Method, Deep Feedforward Neural Networks, and Water Cycle Algorithm
Table 4
Data normalization results.
| No. | t (mm) | L (mm) | (mm) | r (mm) | ZY1 | ZY2 | ZY3 |
| 1 | 1 | 45 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.455413 | 0.6323 | 0.576281 | 2 | 1 | 45 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.450836 | 0.526193 | 0.607891 | 3 | 1 | 45 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.448018 | 0.311552 | 0.61614 | 4 | 1 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.320976 | 0.427805 | 0.364101 | 5 | 1 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.317413 | 0.347973 | 0.353273 | 6 | 1 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.315212 | 0.181424 | 0.358205 | 7 | 1 | 45 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.235231 | 0.296911 | 0.221928 | 8 | 1 | 45 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.232317 | 0.23419 | 0.236814 | 9 | 1 | 45 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.230512 | 0.098823 | 0.240229 | 10 | 1 | 50 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.697795 | 0.58378 | 0.793455 | 11 | 1 | 50 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.690305 | 0.87484 | 0.788362 | 12 | 1 | 50 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.686964 | 0.382103 | 0.796611 | 13 | 1 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.509045 | 0.395642 | 0.509961 | 14 | 1 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.503202 | 0.620722 | 0.507082 | 15 | 1 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.500605 | 0.236787 | 0.512397 | 16 | 1 | 50 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.388511 | 0.274366 | 0.319614 | 17 | 1 | 50 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.383729 | 0.456231 | 0.317926 | 18 | 1 | 50 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.381607 | 0.143857 | 0.321325 | 19 | 1 | 55 | 9 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.825217 | 0.990146 | 20 | 1 | 55 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.989264 | 1 | 0.990201 | 21 | 1 | 55 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.983722 | 0.452677 | 1 | 22 | 1 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.743731 | 0.578573 | 0.642269 | 23 | 1 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.735339 | 0.718926 | 0.642934 | 24 | 1 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.731016 | 0.291875 | 0.6493 | 25 | 1 | 55 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.579873 | 0.420637 | 0.408266 | 26 | 1 | 55 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.573017 | 0.536853 | 0.409069 | 27 | 1 | 55 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.569486 | 0.188959 | 0.413193 | 28 | 1.2 | 45 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.211115 | 0.344738 | 0.308061 | 29 | 1.2 | 45 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.20969 | 0.156502 | 0.297797 | 30 | 1.2 | 45 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.20657 | 0.151926 | 0.29111 | 31 | 1.2 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.131704 | 0.208931 | 0.16958 | 32 | 1.2 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.130595 | 0.064081 | 0.163358 | 33 | 1.2 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.128157 | 0.059143 | 0.159261 | 34 | 1.2 | 45 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.081064 | 0.121993 | 0.106221 | 35 | 1.2 | 45 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.080162 | 0.004828 | 0.101843 | 36 | 1.2 | 45 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.078166 | 0 | 0.098942 | 37 | 1.2 | 50 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.352962 | 0.414756 | 0.405415 | 38 | 1.2 | 50 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.350318 | 0.305285 | 0.393164 | 39 | 1.2 | 50 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.346723 | 0.204103 | 0.384805 | 40 | 1.2 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.241771 | 0.264141 | 0.252945 | 41 | 1.2 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.239696 | 0.17795 | 0.244896 | 42 | 1.2 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.236894 | 0.100104 | 0.239366 | 43 | 1.2 | 50 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.170752 | 0.166874 | 0.15021 | 44 | 1.2 | 50 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.169074 | 0.095987 | 0.144978 | 45 | 1.2 | 50 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.166762 | 0.033247 | 0.141319 | 46 | 1.2 | 55 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.527587 | 0.522333 | 0.512674 | 47 | 1.2 | 55 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.524879 | 0.257953 | 0.501159 | 48 | 1.2 | 55 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.520177 | 0.251858 | 0.489921 | 49 | 1.2 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.377332 | 0.350424 | 0.325289 | 50 | 1.2 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.375226 | 0.143974 | 0.317715 | 51 | 1.2 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.371568 | 0.13748 | 0.310275 | 52 | 1.2 | 55 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.281294 | 0.238092 | 0.198837 | 53 | 1.2 | 55 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.279568 | 0.070177 | 0.193916 | 54 | 1.2 | 55 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.276575 | 0.063897 | 0.189 | 55 | 1.4 | 45 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.085862 | 0.182845 | 0.106902 | 56 | 1.4 | 45 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.084279 | 0.189076 | 0.076471 | 57 | 1.4 | 45 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.082632 | 0.156857 | 0.06783 | 58 | 1.4 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.034684 | 0.083379 | 0.045432 | 59 | 1.4 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.033449 | 0.088384 | 0.026382 | 60 | 1.4 | 45 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.032167 | 0.063523 | 0.021134 | 61 | 1.4 | 45 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.002052 | 0.019598 | 0.017475 | 62 | 1.4 | 45 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.001045 | 0.023819 | 0.003807 | 63 | 1.4 | 45 | 14 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.003565 | 0 | 64 | 1.4 | 50 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.176041 | 0.236076 | 0.150963 | 65 | 1.4 | 50 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.174141 | 0.203515 | 0.105286 | 66 | 1.4 | 50 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.171955 | 0.209182 | 0.10099 | 67 | 1.4 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.104642 | 0.125344 | 0.082888 | 68 | 1.4 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.103169 | 0.100551 | 0.051898 | 69 | 1.4 | 50 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.101459 | 0.104753 | 0.049279 | 70 | 1.4 | 50 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.05907 | 0.053648 | 0.03731 | 71 | 1.4 | 50 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.057851 | 0.033762 | 0.01654 | 72 | 1.4 | 50 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.056457 | 0.036978 | 0.014873 | 73 | 1.4 | 55 | 9 | 0.1 | 0.287628 | 0.291869 | 0.158143 | 74 | 1.4 | 55 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.28511 | 0.214402 | 0.146567 | 75 | 1.4 | 55 | 9 | 0.3 | 0.282466 | 0.248249 | 0.136425 | 76 | 1.4 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 0.191274 | 0.168938 | 0.087305 | 77 | 1.4 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 0.18931 | 0.108901 | 0.079655 | 78 | 1.4 | 55 | 11.5 | 0.3 | 0.187252 | 0.135287 | 0.07284 | 79 | 1.4 | 55 | 14 | 0.1 | 0.129693 | 0.089309 | 0.040327 | 80 | 1.4 | 55 | 14 | 0.2 | 0.128077 | 0.040752 | 0.035245 | 81 | 1.4 | 55 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.126399 | 0.061961 | 0.030667 |
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