Poverty Reduction Effect of New-Type Agricultural Cooperatives: An Empirical Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching and Endogenous Switching Regression Models
Table 1
Descriptive Statistics and comparison of NAC membership characteristics.
Variables
Definition
Members (N = 238)
Nonmembers (N = 615)
value
No. (%)
No. (%)
t-test
Pearson statistic
In 2018
Household income per capita in 2018 (CNY)
7837 (4245, 3000, and 40371)
7099 (3523, 0, and 28106)
0.0175
Fsize
Number of family members
2.4 (1.64, 1, and 9)
3.197 (1.6, 1, and 7)
0.0060
Mwsize
Number of migrant workers
1.4 (1.10, 0, and 4)
1.658 (1.11, 0, and 5)
0.0052
Landsize
Log land area per capita
7.2 (1.58, 0, and 9.5)
6.752 (1.9, 0, and 9.9)
0.0004
Distance
Distance to the village main road ()
0.59 (0.95, 0, and 7)
0.76 (1.2, 0, and 12)
0.0270
Nationality
Miao
Miao nationality ( yes; 0 otherwise)
74 (31.1)
231 (37.6)
Tujia
Tujia nationality ( yes; 0 otherwise)
125 (52.5)
154 (25)
Han
Han nationality (reference)
39 (16.4)
230 (37.4)
Education
Highest household education level
0.0021
College
Greater than or equal to college ( yes; 0 otherwise)
36 (15.1)
65 (10.56)
High
Senior high school/technical ( yes; 0 otherwise)
19 (8)
80 (13)
Middle
Journal high school ( yes; 0 otherwise)
102 (42.9)
321 (52.2)
Primary
Primary ( yes; 0 otherwise)
77 (32.3)
137 (22.28)
Illiterate
Household members are all not educated (reference)
4 (1.7)
12 (1.96)
Health
0.7699
Healthy
Household members are healthy ( yes; 0 otherwise)
122 (51.3)
309 (50.244)
Sick
Household members are sick but able to work ( yes; 0 otherwise)
104 (43.7)
267 (43.415)
Disability
Household members are disabled (reference)
12 (50)
39 (6.341)
Policy
0.0012
Policy
Enjoyed other policies before 2014 ( yes; 0 otherwise)
132 (55.5)
265 (43.1)
No-policy
Not enjoyed other policies before 2014 (reference)
106 (44.5)
350 (56.9)
Note. Significance level: , , and for the -test and test, respectively. Continuous data are presented as mean (standard deviations, minimum, and maximum), and categorical data are presented as frequencies with percentages.
