Research on Audit Opinion Prediction of Listed Companies Based on Sparse Principal Component Analysis and Kernel Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm

Table 1

Company sample distribution.

Year	Number of companies	Number of companies with standard unqualified audit opinions	Number of companies with non-standard audit opinions	Imbalance ratio (IR)
2012	1447	1401	46	30.45
2013	1265	1219	46	26.5
2014	1343	1293	50	25.86
2015	1455	1401	54	25.94
2016	1894	1825	69	26.44
2017	2179	2108	71	29.69
2018	2242	2114	128	16.51
2019	2320	2165	155	13.96