Decisions and Coordination of Dual-Channel Supply Chain considering Retailers’ Bidirectional Fairness Concerns under Carbon Tax Policy

Table 1

Notations.

Notation	Definition
	Carbon tax rate imposed by the government
	The basic carbon emission per unit product produced
	The marginal carbon emission reduction
	Input cost coefficient of carbon emission reduction
	The wholesale price of the product
	Manufacturer’s production cost
	Potential market size
	The sensitivity of consumers to product’s prices
	Consumers’ channel preference for online retailer
	Cost coefficient of retailers’ service
	Retail prices that consumers pay online and offline retailers
	Demand functions of products in online and offline retail channels
	The service level provided by online and offline retailers to consumers
	Fairness concern coefficient among horizontal supply chain members
	Fairness concern coefficient among vertical supply chain members
	The transfer coefficient of consumers’ demand to the difference in service levels
	Manufacturer’s profit, online retailer’s profit, and offline retailer’s profit
	Manufacturer’s utility, online retailer’s utility, and offline retailer’s utility