|
| Nomenclature |
|
| Abbreviations |
| COST | Cost |
| CDE | Carbon dioxide emission |
| PEC | Primary energy consumption |
| CCHP | Combined cooling, heating, and power |
| SOFC | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| SRI | Solar radiation index |
| PV | Photovoltaic |
| EV | Electric vehicle |
| CS | Charging station |
|
| Subscript |
|
| Index of the slotted interval, |
| Number of microgrid, |
| Index for the EVs, |
|
| Parameters |
|
| Natural gas price ($/kWh) |
| Maintenance price of devices ($/kWh) |
| Electricity price form power grid at time ($/kWh) |
| Selling price of electricity to power grid at time ($/kWh) |
| Carbon dioxide emission factor for natural gas (kg/kWh) |
| Carbon dioxide emission factor for power grid (kg/kWh) |
| Primary energy conversion parameter for natural gas |
| Primary energy conversion parameter for power grid |
| Primary energy conversion parameter for solar |
| The limit of power grid (kWh) |
| The capacity of SOFC in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of boiler in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of absorption chiller in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of electric chiller in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of heat pump in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of building’s PV in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of CS’s PV in microgrid (kWh) |
| The capacity of CS’s EV in microgrid (kWh) |
| Solar radiation at time |
| Electric load of building in microgrid at time |
| Heating load of building in microgrid at time |
| Cooling load of building in microgrid at time |
| Electricity generation efficiency of building’s PV |
| Electricity generation efficiency of SOFC |
| Heating generation efficiency of SOFC |
| Cooling generation efficiency of absorption chiller |
| Cooling generation efficiency of electric chiller |
| Heating generation efficiency of boiler |
| Heating generation efficiency of heat pump |
| Electricity generation efficiency of CS’s PV |
| Minimal electricity store rate of EV in microgrid |
| Maximal electricity store rate of EV in microgrid |
| Initial battery electricity rate of EV in microgrid |
| Demand electricity level at departure time of EV in microgrid |
| 1 h time interval |
| Minimal charging limit of EV in microgrid |
| Maximal charging limit of EV in microgrid |
| Minimal discharging limit of EV in microgrid |
| Maximal discharging limit of EV in microgrid |
| Transmission loss of electricity |
| Transmission loss of cooling |
| Parameters | |
| A big enough number |
|
| Continuous decision variables (in time) |
|
| Natural gas consumption of SOFC in microgrid |
| Natural gas consumption of boiler in microgrid |
| Electricity generation of SOFC in microgrid |
| Electricity generation of building’s PV in microgrid |
| Electricity generation of CS’s PV in microgrid |
| Electricity flow from power grid to building in microgrid |
| Electricity flow from power grid to CS in microgrid |
| Electricity flow from building in microgrid to power grid |
| Electricity flow from CS in microgrid to power grid |
| Electricity flow from CS to building in microgrid |
| The electricity generated by electric chiller in microgrid |
| The electricity consumption by heat pump in microgrid |
| Electricity exchanged from microgrid to building in microgrid |
| Electricity exchanged from building to CS in the microgrid |
| Electricity exchanged from CS to power grid in microgrid |
| Electricity exchanged from CS to building in microgrid |
| Electricity needed by CS in microgrid |
| Electricity exchanged from microgrid to CS in microgrid |
| Electric energy charged to EV in microgrid |
| Electric energy discharged from EV in microgrid |
| Electric energy stored in EV in microgrid |
| Heat generated from boiler in microgrid |
| Heat generated from heat hump in microgrid |
| Cooling generated by electric chiller in microgrid |
| Cooling generated by absorption chiller in microgrid |
| Heating recovered from SOFC in microgrid |
| Heating consumption by absorption chiller in microgrid |
| Cooling exchanged from microgrid to building in microgrid |
|
| Binary decision variables (in time) |
|
| Charging state of EV in microgrid |
| Discharging state of EV in microgrid |
| 1 if electricity imported from power grid to microgrid ; 0 otherwise |
| 1 if electricity exported to power grid from microgrid ; 0 otherwise |
| 1 if electricity flow from microgrid to building in microgrid ; 0 otherwise |
| 1 if electricity flow from microgrid to CS in microgrid ; 0 otherwise |
| 1 if cooling flow from microgrid to building in microgrid ; 0 otherwise |
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