A Comparative State-of-the-Art Constrained Metaheuristics Framework for TRUSS Optimisation on Shape and Sizing

<div>3D steel truss structure with 260 bars and 76 nodes. The whole decision variables include 10 shape and 260 sizing elements. The shape variables show by Ci and total number of decision variables is 270.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 2: A Comparative State-of-the-Art Constrained Metaheuristics Framework for TRUSS Optimisation on Shape and Sizing 