Large-Scale Agile Transformations for Software Quality Assurance: An Empirical Case Study from Pakistan

<table class="table-group" id="tab14"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left"><i>O</i></td><td class="align_center"><i>E</i></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 40.0592ptpx;"><svg height="11.5564pt" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-2.26807pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 40.0592 11.5564" width="40.0592pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 610 70 450 70 271V270C70 89 136 -72 282 -170L300 -147Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.498,0)"><path d="M699 369C699 549 575 666 407 666C186 666 23 488 23 278C23 101 145 -16 312 -16C535 -16 699 153 699 369ZM600 373C600 210 500 19 321 19C186 19 120 129 120 272C120 450 232 631 399 631C541 631 600 522 600 373Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.791,0)"><path 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650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.335,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,39.833,-5.741)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 58.4197ptpx;"><svg height="13.8595pt" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-2.2681pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 58.4197 13.8595" width="58.4197pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 610 70 450 70 271V270C70 89 136 -72 282 -170L300 -147Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.498,0)"><path d="M699 369C699 549 575 666 407 666C186 666 23 488 23 278C23 101 145 -16 312 -16C535 -16 699 153 699 369ZM600 373C600 210 500 19 321 19C186 19 120 129 120 272C120 450 232 631 399 631C541 631 600 522 600 373Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.791,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.327,0)"><path d="M593 650H142L136 622C219 616 224 611 209 531L130 120C114 39 108 34 23 28L17 0H501C518 32 557 130 568 158L540 169C519 132 495 93 469 70C439 43 409 35 332 35C272 35 241 37 225 50C211 61 211 89 222 149L253 320H350C441 320 443 312 441 239H471L510 434H481C455 366 448 358 360 358H260L303 572C311 613 312 615 348 615H431C509 615 522 603 532 581C544 555 546 531 545 491L574 493C583 555 592 631 593 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.335,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,39.833,-5.741)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.78,0)"><path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50.141,0)"><path d="M593 650H142L136 622C219 616 224 611 209 531L130 120C114 39 108 34 23 28L17 0H501C518 32 557 130 568 158L540 169C519 132 495 93 469 70C439 43 409 35 332 35C272 35 241 37 225 50C211 61 211 89 222 149L253 320H350C441 320 443 312 441 239H471L510 434H481C455 366 448 358 360 358H260L303 572C311 613 312 615 348 615H431C509 615 522 603 532 581C544 555 546 531 545 491L574 493C583 555 592 631 593 650Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">23</td><td class="align_center">20.60</td><td class="align_center">2.40</td><td class="align_center">5.7600</td><td class="align_center">0.279612</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">24</td><td class="align_center">26.40</td><td class="align_center">−2.40</td><td class="align_center">5.7600</td><td class="align_center">0.218182</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">16</td><td class="align_center">18.40</td><td class="align_center">−2.40</td><td class="align_center">5.7600</td><td class="align_center">0.313043</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">26</td><td class="align_center">23.60</td><td class="align_center">2.40</td><td class="align_center">5.7600</td><td class="align_center">0.244068</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center" colspan="4">Statistics from the test</td><td class="align_center">1.054905</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center" colspan="4">Critical value of chi-square</td><td class="align_center">3.841</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Chi-square test results for within budget completion of software projects.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

tab14

Table 14

Table 14: Large-Scale Agile Transformations for Software Quality Assurance: An Empirical Case Study from Pakistan 