Research Article

An Improved Self-Organizing Migration Algorithm for Short-Term Load Forecasting with LSTM Structure Optimization

Table 2

Precision comparison results of fifteen benchmark function solutions in the CEC2015.

FunctionsResultsPSOCPSOSOMALSOMAOSOMAAS-SOMA

F1Mean2.10 E + 07−1.83 E + 08−4.71 E + 05=9.75 E + 05−6.03 E + 05−3.34 E+05
Std3.97 E + 071.91 E + 084.11 E + 055.45 E + 054.20 E + 053.99 E + 05
value1.58 E − 027.16 E − 052.64 E − 019.67 E − 062.42 E − 02
H value11011

F2Mean3.54 E + 09−7.39 E + 09−3.60 E + 03−2.80 E + 03−3.12 E + 03−1.95 E + 03
Std2.58 E + 094.96 E + 093.18 E + 033.16 E + 033.65 E + 032.50 E + 03
value4.24 E − 071.08 E − 077.51 E − 033.40 E − 021.64 E − 02
H value11111

F3Mean2.06 E + 01=2.04E +01+2.08 E + 01-2.08 E + 01−2.08 E + 01−2.07 E + 01
Std2.47 E − 012.04 E − 013.52 E − 025.69 E − 024.14 E − 021.17 E − 01
value1.09 E − 013.02 E − 084.15 E − 031.79 E − 066.73 E − 03
H value01111

F4Mean7.40 E + 01−8.34 E + 01−3.73 E + 01=4.55 E + 01−3.42 E + 01=3.78E + 01
Std2.53 E + 012.02 E + 018.49 E + 001.28 E + 019.29 E + 001.09 E + 01
value3.60 E − 088.88 E − 108.62 E − 011.33 E − 022.56 E − 01
H value11010

F5Mean2.74 E + 03-4.30 E + 03−1.93 E + 03=5.13 E + 03−2.17 E + 03−1.67 E + 03
Std4.95 E + 025.93 E + 027.73 E + 029.14 E + 021.05 E + 036.08 E + 02
value1.89 E − 073.65 E − 131.86 E − 016.54 E − 151.88 E − 02
H value11011

F6Mean5.81 E + 05−6.37 E + 06−2.25 E + 05−3.66 E + 05−1.89 E + 05=1.43 E + 05
Std1.01 E + 061.14 E + 071.69 E + 053.02 E + 051.83 E + 059.34 E + 04
value3.66 E − 021.13 E − 022.83 E − 021.72 E − 032.46 E − 01
H value11110

F7Mean2.26 E + 01−5.03 E + 01−8.87 E + 00=1.08 E + 01=9.43 E + 00=9.81 E + 00
Std9.14 E + 006.08 E + 011.96 E + 002.21 E + 001.88 E + 001.41 E + 00
value3.12 E − 072.90 E − 035.52 E − 027.22 E − 023.39 E − 01
H value11000

F8Mean4.85 E + 04=8.56 E + 05−4.53 E + 04−9.18 E + 04−5.08 E + 04−2.70 E + 04
Std8.03 E + 047.77 E + 053.05 E + 044.04 E + 043.60 E + 042.02 E + 04
value2.13 E − 011.83 E − 051.98 E − 024.86 E − 082.40 E − 03
H value01111

F9Mean1.46 E + 02−1.52 E + 02−1.03 E + 02−1.0 E + 02−1.03 E + 02−1.03 E + 02
Std4.28 E + 013.57 E + 011.80 E − 012.18 E − 011.91 E − 013.14 E − 01
value2.90 E − 053.82 E − 071.13 E − 022.59 E − 062.28 E − 03
H value11111

F10Mean5.45 E + 05=2.31 E + 06-7.57 E + 04=1.41 E + 05−8.93 E + 04=6.69 E + 04
Std1.30 E + 063.26 E + 065.33 E + 048.29 E + 047.67 E + 046.47 E + 04
value8.08 E − 022.26 E − 035.82 E − 014.86 E − 032.95 E − 01
H value01010

F11Mean8.05 E + 02−8.75 E + 02−4.79 E + 02−5.28 E + 02−4.93 E + 02−3.20 E + 02
Std2.66 E + 024.52 E + 021.75 E + 021.73 E + 021.77 E + 027.56 E + 01
value4.43 E − 091.62 E − 067.00 E − 043.85 E − 055.34 E − 05
H value11111

F12Mean1.28 E + 02−1.43 E + 02−1.06 E + 02−1.07 E + 02−1.06 E + 02−1.06 E + 02
Std1.47 E + 011.25 E + 014.51 E − 016.73 E − 019.47 E − 016.42 E − 01
value1.19 E − 071.27 E − 131.08 E − 021.01 E − 072.70 E − 02
H value11111

F13Mean1.22 E + 02−1.43 E + 02−1.06 E + 02−1.17 E + 02−1.05 E + 02−1.01 E + 02
Std7.55 E + 007.18 E + 004.89 E + 003.06 E + 004.16 E + 007.14 E + 00
value4.03 E − 111.95 E − 161.26 E − 025.93 E − 111.50 E − 02
H value11111

F14Mean4.26 E + 04−4.39 E + 04−3.30 E + 04−3.34 E + 04−3.33 E + 04−3.20 E + 04
Std5.03 E + 036.98 E + 031.12 E + 39.31 E + 021.16 E + 037.73 E + 02
value1.29 E − 105.55 E − 095.55 E − 047.59 E − 082.76 E − 04
H value11111

F15Mean1.25 E + 02−2.61 E + 02−1.00 E + 02=1.00 E + 02−1.00 E + 02=1.00 E + 02
Std7.37 E + 003.33 E + 021.58 E − 131.51 E − 101.45 E − 133.99 E − 13
value8.52 E − 152.36 E − 023.56 E − 011.31 E − 093.35 E − 01
H value11010

−/+/=12/0/314/1/09/0/614/0/110/0/5

The bold values display the best result of the mean and the best variance.