An Enhanced Moth-Flame Optimization with Multiple Flame Guidance Mechanism for Parameter Extraction of Photovoltaic Models

Algorithm 1

Pseudocode of the EMFO.

(1)	Begin
(2)	Initialize the parameters;
(3)	Initialize uniformly random population;
(4)	gen = 1;
(5)	while not meet termination condition
(6)	if mod(gen, 10) = = 0
(7)	Update the number of flames by using Equation (9) or Equation (10);
(8)	end if
(9)	Calculate the fitness values of moths;
(10)	if gen = 1
(11)	F = sort(M); OF = sort(OM);
(12)	else
(13)	F = sort(); OF = sort();
(14)	end if
(15)	= rand (0,1);
(16)	for i = 1 to n do
(17)	Update the parameter and ;
(18)	Update the moth’s position by using equation (11);
(19)	end for
(20)	gen = gen + 1;
(21)	end while
(22)	end