Research Article
Does Infrastructure Improve Residents’ Consumption? Evidence from China’s New-Generation Infrastructure
| | Variables | High-income areas | Low-income areas | | Expenditure | Upgrade | Expenditure | Upgrade | Expenditure | Upgrade | Expenditure | Upgrade |
| | 0.0524 (4.21) | 0.0102 (2.36) | | | 0.0389 (3.78) | 0.0050 (1.33) | | | | | | 0.0514 (2.41) | 0.0046 (0.64) | | | 0.02197 (2.56) | 0.0074 (2.40) | | URB | −0.0004 (−0.20) | 0.0014 (1.97) | −0.0025 (−1.19) | 0.0011 (1.51) | 0.0032 (1.91) | 0.0005 (0.88) | 0.0037 (2.12) | 0.0009 (1.37) | | GDP | 0.0064 (1.79) | −0.0026 (−2.12) | 0.0080 (2.20) | −0.0023 (−1.83) | −0.0098 (−1.20) | 0.0038 (1.26) | −0.0041 (−0.50) | 0.0046 (1.58) | | FDI | −0.1365 (−2.05) | −0.0848 (−3.68) | −0.1119 (−1.60) | −0.0840 (−3.51) | 0.1633 (3.27) | −0.0527 (−2.88) | 0.1642 (3.24) | −0.0518 (−2.85) | | FV | 0.0068 (0.16) | 0.0001 (0.01) | 0.0105 (0.23) | 0.0019 (0.12) | −0.1260 (−3.50) | −0.0484 (−3.66) | −0.1958 (−4.82) | −0.0673 (−4.61) | | GES | 0.1038 (1.78) | 0.0229 (1.14) | 0.1265 (2.10) | 0.0254 (1.24) | 4.3372 (10.03) | −0.2204 (−1.39) | 4.1967 (9.62) | −0.2309 (−1.47) | | CONS | 8.4288 (96.59) | 0.2390 (7.91) | 8.4531 (77.44) | 0.2646 (7.10) | 8.2070 (128.52) | 0.3195 (13.62) | 8.1767 (96.83) | 0.2808 (9.26) | | Individual/time effect | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | | 0.8990 | 0.7017 | 0.8985 | 0.6945 | 0.8724 | 0.8751 | 0.8722 | 0.8771 | | N | 252 | 252 | 252 | 252 | 288 | 288 | 288 | 288 |
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Note. T-statistics are shown in parentheses. , , indicate 1%, 5%, 10% respectively. |
