After years of being viewed as a fringe technology, the electric vehicle (EV) battery market has reached a tipping point. Batteries form key components not only for pure battery EVs but also for intermediate storage of electrical energy in fuel cell EVs and other hybrid EVs. Therefore, batteries hold the key to vehicle electrification. Batteries need to be cost-competitive, lightweight, small, efficient, safe, reliable, and long-lasting. Additionally, they should also be produced, used, and disposed in an environmentally friendly manner.

Since batteries are complex electrochemical devices with a distinct nonlinear behavior in the light of various internal and external conditions, their health monitoring and performance evaluation are challenging tasks. These tasks are additionally hindered by considerable changes in the characteristics of batteries over their lifetime due to aging. As a result, batteries present several challenges that may affect the operation of the entire EV system and even make an impact on the reliability and power quality of the local power system, all of which require considerable R&D effort with innovative battery technologies.

This Special Issue aims to focus on cost reductions and performance improvements of EV batteries. The main objectives include timely solutions for emerging scientific/technical works in algorithmic and hardware aspects of Battery Management Systems (BMSs), as well as control circuits and control methods of EVs. Original research as well as review articles are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Battery modeling and state estimation: state of charge, state of health, state of life, and state of power estimation
• Battery diagnosis, prognostic, and health management (PHM)
• Battery cell balancing and grouping/packing techniques
• Battery temperature control technologies
• Battery charging technologies
• Dynamics control and energy management for all-climatic electric vehicles
• BMS software algorithms and hardware designs
• Integrated circuits and control strategies for batteries employed in electric vehicles and smart grids
• Vehicle-to-grid