Multiple Sclerosis International / 2012 / Article / Tab 4 / Review Article
Treadmill Training in Multiple Sclerosis: Can Body Weight Support or Robot Assistance Provide Added Value? A Systematic Review Table 4 Effect size calculations (Cohen’s d).
Outcome Baseline mean ± SD After training mean ± SD Effect size (Cohen’s d) RATT group 10 MWT
0
.
5
2
±
0
.
3
2
0
.
5
7
±
0
.
3
4
0.151 Vaney et al. (2011) [30 ] 3 MWT
0
.
5
8
±
0
.
3
8
0
.
6
1
±
0
.
4
1
0.076 CWT group 10 MWT
0
.
6
±
0
.
3
4
0
.
6
9
±
0
.
4
1
0.239* 3 MWT
0
.
6
5
±
0
.
3
7
0
.
7
6
±
0
.
4
3
0.274* T2 (week 4) T3 (month 3) T4 (month 6) RATT group EDSS
6
.
2
±
0
.
5
5
.
9
±
0
.
6
6
.
0
±
0
.
7
6
.
0
±
0
.
7
6
T1-T2: 0.543** T1-T3: 0.329* T1-T4: 0.311* 10 MWT
0
.
4
9
±
0
.
3
0
.
4
5
±
0
.
3
0
.
4
6
±
0
.
3
0
.
4
7
±
0
.
3
T1-T2: 0.133 6 MWT
1
2
5
.
8
±
7
4
.
7
1
3
3
.
4
±
8
5
.
1
1
2
0
.
3
±
8
4
.
9
1
2
1
.
1
±
8
2
.
1
T1-T2: 0.095 Schwartz et al. (2011) [31 ] CWT group EDSS
6
.
0
±
0
.
6
5
.
7
±
0
.
7
5
.
7
±
0
.
7
5
.
8
±
0
.
6
T1-T2: 0.460** T1-T3: 0.460** T1-T4: 0.333* 10 MWT
0
.
5
3
±
0
.
3
1
0
.
6
3
±
0
.
4
0
.
6
±
0
.
4
0
.
5
±
0
.
3
T1-T2: 0.279* 6 MWT
1
5
1
.
5
±
9
2
.
0
1
7
5
.
7
±
1
1
9
.
0
1
6
0
.
7
±
1
1
8
.
0
1
4
0
.
0
±
1
1
6
.
4
T1-T2: 0.228* EDSS
4
.
9
±
1
.
2
3
.
9
±
0
.
7
1.018*** T2 (week 7) T4 (week 12)
L
o
k
o
m
a
t
-
B
W
S
T
T
T25 FW
8
.
8
±
3
.
1
7
.
4
±
3
.
8
6
.
6
±
2
.
3
T1-T2: 0.404* 0.255* 0.806*** 6 MWT
1
6
6
±
5
7
.
6
2
1
7
.
3
±
6
5
.
9
2
4
9
.
2
±
9
8
T1-T2: 0.829*** 0.382* 1.035*** DST
3
0
.
1
±
5
.
4
2
8
.
4
±
7
.
4
2
6
±
6
.
4
T1-T2: 0.262* 0.347* 0.692** Lo and Triche (2008) [32 ] BWSTT-Lokomat T25 FW
1
0
.
9
±
5
6
.
8
±
3
7
±
3
.
6
T1-T2: 0.994*** 0.895*** 6 MWT
2
6
6
.
9
±
1
0
2
3
3
9
±
1
3
5
.
8
3
5
0
.
4
±
1
2
4
T1-T2: 0.600** 0.735** DST
3
5
.
8
±
9
.
3
2
8
.
7
±
7
.
5
2
9
.
2
±
9
.
7
T1-T2: 0.840*** 0.695** IT Group 10 MWS
1
7
.
8
±
5
.
4
1
7
.
2
±
6
.
2
0.103 2 MWS
7
1
.
0
±
2
2
.
8
7
4
.
5
±
3
3
.
9
0.121 Van den Berg et al. (2006) [33 ] DT Group 10 MWS
1
4
.
0
±
5
.
5
1
3
.
1
±
6
.
5
0.149 2 MWS
9
9
.
5
±
3
0
.
0
1
0
6
.
8
±
3
6
.
7
0.218* 10 MWT
1
5
.
6
±
5
.
6
1
3
.
9
±
5
.
3
0.312* 2 MWT
8
8
.
2
±
3
2
.
2
9
4
.
3
±
3
2
.
2
0.189 % Time in swing (wk)
3
3
±
9
.
3
3
6
±
4
.
5
0.411* % Time in stance (wk)
6
7
±
9
.
3
6
3
.
8
±
4
.
5
0.438* Newman et al. (2007) [34 ] % Time in swing (str)
3
3
.
5
±
5
.
1
3
3
.
3
±
7
.
1
0.032 % Time in stance (str)
6
6
.
5
±
5
.
1
6
6
.
6
±
7
.
1
0.016 Stride length (str)
9
8
.
7
±
2
1
1
0
4
.
0
±
2
1
0.252 Stride length (wk)
9
8
.
6
±
2
1
.
9
1
0
3
.
2
±
2
1
.
5
0.212 Cadence
9
2
±
2
1
9
1
±
1
7
0.052 Pilutti et al. (2011) [35 ] EDSS
6
.
9
±
1
.
0
7
6
.
8
±
1
.
0
3
0.095
effect size calculation (Cohen’s d). In two studies the calculation of the Cohen’s d was not possible. In Beer et al. (2008) [29 ] no mean scores and SD were reported and in Giesser et al. (2007) [36 ] only the individual scores were reported. *Small effect, **Moderate effect, ***Large effect.
