Diffusion Tensor Imaging in NAWM and NADGM in MS and CIS: Association with Candidate Biomarkers in Sera

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of patients with different subtypes of multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, and controls.

Clinical characteristic	Patients with MS and CIS (𝑛=100)
	RRMS; 𝑛=36	SPMS; 𝑛=19	PPMS; 𝑛=21	CIS; 𝑛=24	HC; 𝑛=10
Sex (M/F)^a	11/25	7/12	9/12	3/21	4/6
Age (years)^b	36.6±8.4; (18–53)	49.5±8.2^B,C; (35–61)	57.0±9.2^A,B,C,D; (38–73)	34.3±9.5; (20–52)	39.8±12.9; (26–61)^A
Duration of disease (years)^b	3.9±3.9; (0.0–12.3)	11.3±9.3^C; (0.2–31.2)	11.9±8.4^C; (0.2–26.2)	NA	NA
EDSS^b	1.7±1.6^B; (0–6)	4.7±1.7^B,C; (2–7)	4.8±2.0^B,C; (1–8)	0.0±0.2; (0–1)	NA
Number of relapses/2 years^b,c	1.6±1.4; (0–5)	0.2±0.5; (0–2)	NA	0.8±0.6; (0–2)	NA
Treatment (NT/IFN/GA)^a	13/20/3	18/1/0	21/0/0	24/0/0	NA

MS: multiple sclerosis; CIS: clinically isolated syndrome; RRMS: relapsing-remitting MS; SPMS: secondary progressive MS; PPMS: primary progressive MS; HC: healthy controls; EDSS: expanded disability status scale; NT: no treatment; IFN: interferon-𝛽; GA: glatiramer acetate.
aNumber of patients.
bMean ± SD (range).
cNumber of relapses in the two years before study entry.
Analyses were performed for all four subtypes versus control, as well as between the subtypes. The results from the Mann-Whitney 𝑈 test are indicated as the Bonferroni-corrected 𝑃-values (𝑃<0.05).
Acompared to controls.
Bcompared to CIS.
Ccompared to RRMS.
Dcompared to SPMS.