Cytokines as Biomarkers of Treatment Response to IFNβ in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Table 1

Cytokines and cytokine ratios measured in the serum and CSF of RRMS patients.

Cytokines	IFN-𝛾, TNF-𝛼, TGF-𝛽1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A
Th1/Th2	[IFN-𝛾 + TNF-𝛼]/IL-4
Th1/Th17	[IFN-𝛾 + TNF-𝛼]/IL-17A
Th17/Th2	IL17A/IL-4
Type 1/Type 2	[IFN-𝛾 + TNF-𝛼 + IL-17A + IL-6 ± IL-2*]/[IL-4 + IL-10 + logTGF-𝛽1]
Other cytokine ratios	IFN-𝛾/IL-10, IL-17A/IL-10

∗Type 1/Type 2 ratios were calculated with and without the values for IL-2 concentrations.