Research Article
Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of an Exercise-Based Patient Education Programme in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study
Table 4
Quasi-experimental design outcomes in walking ability, QoL, fatigue, and self-efficacy for EG-all in baseline (T0/T0′), after the six-week ePEP (T1/T1′) and after the 12-week self-regulated training period (T2/T2′).
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Note. Positive percentage values indicate improvements and negative percentage values indicate declines; -scores were taken from results of Friedman test; -scores were taken from results of Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Effect size r was computed using formula /square root of ; denotes statistical significance () for exact values of Friedman test (two-tailed) or exact value of Wilcoxon Signed Rank test (two-tailed) with Bonferroni adjustment for three measurements; EG-all: all participants receiving ePEP (EG-I + EG-W); T0/T0′: baseline measurements; T1/T1′: measurements after six-week ePEP; T2/T2′: measurements after 12-week self-regulated training period; SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range (25th–75th); TUG: Timed-Up-and-Go-Test; 6MWT: Six-Minute-Walk-Test; FGA: Functional Gait Assessment; MusiQol: Multiple Sclerosis International Questionnaire of Quality of Life; WEIMuS: German MS-specific fatigue questionnaire—lower values indicate fatigue improvement; SSA: scale for self-efficacy towards physical exercise. |