Review Article

From Spinal Central Pattern Generators to Cortical Network: Integrated BCI for Walking Rehabilitation

Figure 1

Research axes of MINDWALKER and BIOFACT projects. Parallel and convergent pathways using a dynamic recurrent neural network (DRNN, left part) and a central pattern generator (CPG, right part). The DRNN receives as input either the EMG signals from shoulder muscles mimicking the walking movement or the spontaneous EEG signals during walking. The CPG receives either steady-state somatosensory evoked potentials (SSSEPs), steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), or classical P300 as starting signal. The SSSEPs are elicited by vibrotactile (tactors) stimulation on the foot sole mimicking walking patterns. A virtual reality stimulator (VRS) is used in order to generate an image of a walking mannequin to elicit SSVEP or to produce visual stimulation related to P300 speller.
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