Immature Dentate Gyrus: An Endophenotype of Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Table 1

Behavioral, electrophysiological, and molecular phenotypes in mice with iDG.

		𝛼-CaMKII HKO [1]	Shn-2 KO [2]	SNAP-25 KI [3]	CN KO [4, 10, 21]	FLX treatment [5]	Pilocarpine treatment [6]
Behavioral; phenotypes	Locomotor activity	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑↓ [29]	↑
	Working memory	↓ [1–12]	↓	↓	↓		↓ [6, 30]
	Social interaction	Mutants kill cagemates	↓	↓	↓		↓
	PPI	—	↓	↓	↓	—
Electrophysiological phenotypes	Mossy fibre-CA3 synapse
	Basal transmission	↑	↑	—		—
	Frequency facilitation	↓	↓	↓		↓	—
	Granule cell soma
	Passive
	Input resistance	↑	↑	—		—	—
	Active
	Excitability	↑	↑	↑		↑	↑
	Spike number	↓	↓	↑		↑	↑
Molecular; phenotypes	Markers of immature granule cells
	Dopamine D1 receptor (Drd1a)	↑	—	↑	↑	↑ [31]	↑
	Calretinin	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑
	Markers of mature granule cells
	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (Tdo2)	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Desmoplakin (Dsp)	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Calbindin	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓
	GluR1	↓ [32]	↓		↓	—
	Immediate early genes induction
	c-Fos or Arc-dVenus	↓ [1, 13]	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Inflammation-related molecules
	Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)	—	↑	↑	↑	↑ [31]	↑ [33]
	Complement components	—	↑	↑		↑ [31]	↑ [34]
	MHC genes	—	↑	↑		↑ [31]	↑ [34]
	Adult neurogenesis
	BrdU incorporation	↑		↓	↑	↑ [25]	↑ [33, 35]

↑: Increased or upregulated.
↓: Decreased or downregulated.
—: Nonsignificant.